Device insuring an intense stirring up in explosion motors provided with two lateral valve boxes



Nov. 26, 1929.- A. A. A. DABCHE 1,737,452

DEVICE INSURING AN INTENSE STIRRING UP IN EXPLOSION MOTORS PROVIDED WITH TWO LATERAL VALVE BOXES (T iHEADS) Filed July 18', 1928 Patented Nov. 26, 1929 UNl'I'Efi STATES ALBERT ALEXANDRE AUG'US'I'IN DAROHE, F ALG-IE'RS, FRANCE DEVICE INSURING AN rirrnivsn s'rrnnrno UP 11v 'nxrnosron MOB-193$ .ra viaau TWO LATERAL VALVE BOXES (TIIEADS) Application filed July 18, 1928, Serial No. 293,534, and. in France July .29., 927.

According to a commonly used arrangement, the explosion motors are provided with a combustion-chamber comprising two lateral valve-boxes, one of them containing the admission-valve and the other the exhaustvalve.

From the mechanical point of View, this arrangement is favourable for multicylinder motors, because it permits the employment'of large valves and of approached cylinders. Furthermore this arrangement lends itself easily to the placing of pipes and to the control of the valves.

The spark-plug is placed sometimes above the admission-valve. In some cases the sparkplug is arranged in the center of the combustion-chamber.

From the point of view ofobtaining an explosion wave and a high thermo-dynamic efliciency with aid of a high compression, these two arrangements are not recommendable. The worse arrangement is the one comprising a. spark-plug above the admissionvalve.

The utilization of a T-like combustionchamber can be improved very essentially by the employment of the following arrangements constituting features of the present invention.

According to the invention, the free space existing usually between the cylinder and the piston when the latter is at the end of its instroke or in upper dead center positlon, is reduced as far as possible from the mechanical point of view. In this way two chambers of combustion are obtained, which are practically distinct from each other, each chamber having a very small volume and provided with a distinct spark-plug. In this manner, hence, two combustion-chambers permit an essential diminution of the passage of the flame in each chamber, which condition is favorable from the point of view of limitation of the defiagration and its risk.

Toward the end of its compression-stroke the piston progressively obturates the communication existing between the cylinder and each valve-chamber, and hence the gases still remaining in the cylinder are forced with great speed into said valve chamber and mass is agitated and causes inverse flow of the gases, at high speed, from the chambers into th'e'cylinoler across limited sections, so that there is continued turbulence of the gases and their combustion' eventuallycompleted, and the gaseous fi'lm between the cylinder head andthe inner end of .the' piston beinginstantaneously burnedf '7 I 1 The shock of the ignited .gases arriving from the opposite directions from the valve chambers is also ,afayorable factor its ac tion on t'he pi ston i i i lhe accompanying drawing is a Vertical sectional View of a eyunaer provided with a combustion chamber and valve chambers accordance Withthis invention. P represents the piston prolonged in its upperpart so as to,obturateprogressively t owa rd the end of its ascendingjstroke the channels which establish communication be:

tween the cylinder and the valve-chambers A,A The valve chainbers are provided with spark-plugs B, B -rrai1ged in covers or the like which are removable t'o permit i nsp-ection of the valves.

S S are the admissionand exhaustva'lv'es respectively. i

In caseof transformation of existing motors by simply replacing the aiston, the supp e i a nearlr;bmple. la1 vo u p entbet-ween the summit of thepist on and the bottom of the cylinder is followed'by an increased compression attaining eventually a too high value. In order to reduce the same it will suflice to introduce, by throttling the admission, or provide a volume of cylinder swept by the piston at limited pressure, which corresponds to a lesser (pressure) volume at the usual pressure, obtained after a certain stroke of the piston at the time of compression. Besides, the thermo-dynamically advantageous prolonged expansion during the motive stroke of the piston will be secured.

ioo' 2 of its in-stroke, the upper surfaces of said This method constituting the features of the French patent for Explosion motor with over-vacuum and prolonged expansion, filed 21st of March, 1927, will be combined, in all cases, very advantageously with the features of the present invention.

The figure of the drawing being only a diagrammatic view, its relative dimensions are only approximately included.

The invention permits within its scope manifold modifications without departing from the essence of the appended claim.

What I claim, is:

In afour cycle internal combustion en- 7 gine, a T-shaped cylinder head, provided with two lateral valve chambers, the one containing the admissionvalve, the other the exhaust valve, each valve chamber being entirely lateral to the cylinder and at a level with the top of the piston when the latter is at the end valve chambers being in the same plane as that of the cylinder, each of the valve chamhers communicating with the cylinder by a lateral passage arrangedpracticallyat right angles to the axis of the cylinder and the free space remaining at the end of the compression stroke, between the upper end of the cylinder and that of the piston, being substantially eliminated toisolate the two valve chambers grid cause them to form two combustion chamers each said chamber having its own ignition means, all arranged so that the piston towards the end of its compression stroke progressively closes the lateral ptassage between the cylinder and each valve c amber, and hence causes the passage therethrough at increased speed 7 to the gases remaining in the cylinder, and therefore also causes an active turbulence in each combustion chamber at the moment of ignition while at the return, at high speed, into the cylinder of the gases at high temperature in :a direction practically'parallel to the end of the piston, the violent agitation produced by the meeting of the opposite jets from each chamber completes almost instantaneously the combustion of the gases so that the engine permits the use of mixtures which are less rich than normally required but whose combustion is nevertheless extremely rapid- In witness whereof I affix my signature. ALBERT ALEXANDRE AUGUSTIN DARCHE.

practically distinct from each other, 

